Benefits of Protein

Benefits of Protein - Major of Protein Sources

Protein is an essential nutrient for the human body. They are building blocks of our body tissues, and also serve as fuel source.

The term protein is derived from the Greek word protos. The basic functions of proteins are is maintaining and Rebuilding tissues and cells.

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Proteins are classified into two major categories:

Essential Amino acids which cannot synthesis (produce) in our body:-

• Methionine
• Tryptophan
• Valine
• Isoleucine
• Leucine
• Phenylalanine
• Lysine
• Threonine
• Arginine
• Histidine (only for infants)

Non Essential Amino acids which can be synthesised (produce) in our body:-

• Glutamic acid
• Proline
• Glycine
• Alanine
• Hydroxyproline

Proteins which are lacking amino acids they do not meet the protein requirements of our body because they are not good quality proteins. The higher the amino acid profile the higher the nutritive value of protein. Based on amino acid profile we can subclassified proteins into three categories:-

• Complete proteins - for eg: eggs. This proteins promote growth and provided all essential amino acids .
• Partially complete proteins - for eg: wheat protein. These promote moderate growth and partially lack one or more essential amino acid.
• Incomplete proteins - for eg: Gelatin. They do not promote good growth.

Function of Protein:-
Each of various proteins serves the major function as maintenance of life. Any loss in body protein means loss in cellular function. When human beings take insufficient supply of protein the dietary deficiency create loss of tissue functionality.

• Body Building functions of protein : Primary function of protein is tissure grwoth and maintaince. As we know proteins are the main building blocks of our body uses for build and maintain muscles.
• Protein as carriers: There are several compound in our body which need transportation where amino acid plays vital role which help certain compund to transport and make the process safe from reactions.
• Protein as regulater of water: The protein hormone particularly Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH) plays a role in controlling water balance. The oedema of protein deficiency may also be the results of the body's inability to regulate ADH. The effect of protein deficiency is on the distribution of water amongst the various body compartments than on the total body water.
• Protein as enzymes: Protein have the ability to accept or donate hydrogen ions, hence serving as enzymes.
• Protein as lubricants: surrounds the joints. It is also present as mucous in the respiratory tract, oral cavity, vaginal tract and the rectal cavity thereby reducing the irritation which might be caused by materials moving through these passages.
• Protein as structural units: Liver cell membren contains 50-60% protein, muscle contains 20%. Keratin is a protein which is in form of nails and hairs. Melanin is the derivative which provides which provides charateristic colour to the skin.

Diatary Allowances Protein

The necesassary amount to meet the need of physological needs and maintain the healthy health all indivusal should folllow the daily recommended allownces of protein approved by WHO.

As per different reqirement of protein in different age, gender, locality, weather groups daily allownces cahnges.

Healthy indivisual for sure need 1 gm. Protein per Kg of body weight minimum as per daily recommended allownces.

1 gm. Of protein contains 4 kcal.

Biological value: It is the measuremnt of protein quality expressing the rate of efficincy with which protein is used for growth.

On the scale of 100 most efficient this biological table lies.

Food Items Biological Value:-

• Whole egg 93.7
• Milk 84.5
• Fish 76
• Beef 74.3
• Soyabean 72.8
• Rice polished 64
• Wheat, whole 64
• Corn 60
• Beans, Dry 58

Protein Imbalanece Effectes:

We all know anything which is more and less which has certain pros and cons on our health.

Spcially in protein content where you take excess there are certiain effect which you will notice on your health which are listed below:-

• Bone loss
• Osteoporosis : worldwide rates of hip fractures (and kidney stones) increase with increase in animal protein consumption including dairy products. Osteoporosis is caused by several controllable factors; however, the most important one is foods we choose - especially the amount of animal protein and the foods high in acid. The high acid foods are meat, poultry, fish, seafood and hard cheeses - parmesan cheese is the most acidic of all foods commonly consumed. This acid must be neutralize by the body. Carbonate, citrate and sodium area alkaline materials released from the bones to neutralise the acids. Fruits and vegetables are alkaline and as a result, a diet high in these plant foods will neutralize acid and preserve bones.
• Damage kidney stones: Once materials are released from the solid bone, the calcium and other bone substances move through the blood stream to the kidneys where they are eliminated in the urine. In an effort to remove overabundance of waste protein, the flow of blood through the kidney increases and the results: calcium is filtered of the body. Naturally, the kidneys, attempt to return much of this filtered calcium back to the body; unfortunately, the acid and sulphur-containing amino acids from the animal foods ruin the body's attempts to conserve calcium. Plant proteins (plant food bases) do not have these calcium and bone losing effects under normal living conditions. Once this bone material arrives in the collecting system of kidney it easily precipitates into sold formations known as kidney stones.
• Uric acid imbalance
• Immune dysfunction
• Arthrities
• Low engery

Excess protein as much as 250-300 gm. Of protein causes all these above mentioed wear and tear at certain point. Effect of protein deficiency in children called as PEM (protein engery malnutrient) clinically. It can lead to certain diseases like,

• Marasmus: the dry form, Marasmus, results from the near-starvation with deficiency of protein and non protein nutrients.
• Marasmic: The marasmic child consumes very little food - often because his mother is unable to breastfeed - and is very thin from loss of muscle and body fat.
• Kwashiorkor: the wet form is called kwashiorkor, An African word meaning "first child - second child."It refers to the observation that the first child develops PEM when the second child is born and replaces the first child at the breast. The weaned child is fed a thin gruel of poor mal nutrition quality (compared with mothers' milk) and fails to thrive. The protein deficiency is usually more marked than the energy deficiency, and edema results. Children with kwashiorkor tend to be older than those with marasmus and tend to develop the disease after they are weaned.

All these diseases has signs and symptoms like:-

• Curly hair
• Odema on body
• Protuding belly
• Enlargement of liver
• Tissue wasting
• Hunger
• Gross weight loss

This kind of childen who has PEM they need spcial care and norishment. As their digestive tract and protein absorbstion system is bery less active feeding them with lots of good quality food would be harmful.One must gradully increase the amount of nutrient in their food and give sufficient time to devlope matabolic pathways to handel a better diet.